Belajar Grammar

GRAMMAR STRUCTURE

Subject	Subject as :
	Object	Pronoun	Adject.	To be present	To be past	Perfect Tense
I	me	mine	my	am	was	have		A
You	you	yours	our	are	were	have
We	us	ours	our	are	were	have
They	them	theirs	their	are	were	have
He	him	his	his	is	was	has		B
She	her	hers	her	is	was	has
It	it	its	its	is	was	has

* pronoun digunakan untuk menyebut kepemilikan tanpa diikuti benda. Contoh: this is mine (ini milikku)

A. Present Tense
A.1 Simple Present Tense (saat ini/kebiasaan)
• Kata bantu untuk subject category “A” adalah “do” ( digunakan pada kalimat negative (-) dan interogative (?) )
• Kata bantu untuk subject category “B” adalah “does” ( digunakan pada kalimat negative (-) dan interogative (?) )
• Kalimat positive pada kategory “B”, selalu ditambah s/es setelah verb (kata kerja) 

Example: 
A : (+) I work fulltime during weekdays
      (-) I do not work fulltime during weekdays
      (?) Do you work fulltime during weekdays?

B : (+) He works fulltime during weekdays
      (-) He does not work fulltime during weekdays
      (?) Does he work fulltime during weekdays?

A.2 Simple Present Continuous Tense ( sedang terjadi)
• Verb pada Simple Present Continuous Tense selalu ditambah –ing
• To be digunakan setelah subject, to be bisa dilihat di table pada kolom “to be present”

Example:
A : (+) You are watching TV 
      (-) You are not watching TV 
      (?) Are you watching TV?

B : {+) She is watching TV 
(-) She is not watching TV 
(?) Is she watching TV?

C : {+) I am watching TV 
      (-) I am not watching TV 
      (?) Am I watching TV?

A.3 Present Perfect Tense (sudah selesai dilakukan)
• Kata bantu yang digunakan lihat di tabel kolom “perfect tense”
• Pada present tense jenis ini, gunakan verb-3
• Pola dasar kalimatnya sendiri “subject+kata bantu+verb3”

Example:
(+) She has gone to school 
(-) She has not gone to school
(?) Has she gone to school?

A.4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense (sudah terjadi dan masih berlangsung)
• Kata bantu yang digunakan lehat di tabel kolom “perfect tense”
• Ditambah “been” setelah kata bantu have/has
• Tambahkan –ing setelah verb

Example: 
(+) We have been waiting here for two hours
(-) We have not been waiting here for two hours
(?) Have we been waiting here for two hours?

B. Past Tense
B.1 Simple Past Tense (lampau)
• Kalimat posotive dalam simple past tense menggunakan verb-2
• Ada verb yang beraturan, ada yang tidak (verb yang tidak beraturan bisa dilihat di kamus kamus B. Inggris atau biasanya tersedia di toko buku, atau yang lebih mudah bisa browsing di internet.
• Verb yang beraturan hanya perlu ditambah”-ed” pada bentuk lampau (Verb-2 dan verb-3)

Example: 
Verb beraturan: (+) I worked all days last week
(-) I did not work all days last week
(?) Did you work all days last week?

Verb tidak beraturan: (+) They saw me last night
(-) They did not see me last night
(?) Did they see me last night?

B.2 Past Continuous Tense ( lampau dan sedang berlangsung saat itu)
• Verb pada Past Continuous Tense selalu ditambah –ing
• To be digunakan setelah subject, to be bisa dilihat di table pada kolom “to be past”

Example:
{+) I was reading
(-) I was not reading 
(?) Were you reading?

B.3 Past Perfect Tense (lampau dan sudah selesai dilakukan)
• Kata bantu yang digunakan adalah “had” pada semua subjects
• Pada present tense jenis ini, gunakan verb-3
• Pola dasar kalimatnya sendiri “subject+kata bantu+verb3”

Example:
(+) She had come when I was there 
(-)She had not come when I was there
(?) Had she come when I was there?

B.4 Past Perfect Continuous Tense 
• Kata bantu yang digunakan adalah “had” pada semua subjects
• Ditambah “been” setelah kata bantu have/has
• Tambahkan –ing setelah verb

Example: 
(+) She had been waiting when you came
(-) She had not been waiting when you came
(?) Had she been waiting when you came?

C. Future Tense
C.1 Future Tense (akan terjadi)
• Tambahkan “will” setelah subject

Example: 
(+) I will go
(-) I will not go
(?) will you go?

Untuk hal yang pasti akan dilakukan bisa gunakan to be going to atau disingkat to be gonna
(+) I am going to go
(-) I am not going to go
(?) Are you going to go?

C.2 Future Continuous Tense ( akan sedang berlangsung)
• Verb pada Future Continuous Tense selalu ditambah –ing
• Tambahkan “will” setelah subject Tambahkan “will + be” setelah subject

Example:
{+) She will be missing you
(-) She will not be missing you
(?) Will she be missing you?

C.3 Future Perfect Tense 
• Tambahkan “will + have” setelah subject
• Pada present tense jenis ini, gunakan verb-3
• Pola dasar kalimatnya sendiri “subject+will+have+verb3”

Example:
(+) He will have finished it tomorrow 
(-) He will not have finished it tomorrow
(?) Will he have finished it tomorrow?

C.4 Future Perfect Continuous Tense
• Kata bantu yang digunakan adalah “will+have” pada semua subjects
• Ditambah “been” setelah kata bantu have
• Tambahkan –ing setelah verb

Example: 
(+) I will have been studying when you come
(-) I will not have been studying when you come
(?) Will you have been studying when I come?